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Read privacy policyConvert oven temperature: Celsius, Fahrenheit, Gas Mark, Kelvin. Baking temperature guide.
Following recipes from different countries means constantly converting between temperature scales. An American recipe calls for 350°F, a British one says Gas Mark 5, and a French pâtisserie recipe specifies 180°C. Our free Oven Temperature Converter eliminates the confusion by instantly translating between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Gas Mark, complete with fan oven adjustments and a comprehensive baking reference chart.
Celsius (°C): Used by most of the world for cooking. Water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C. Standard oven temperatures range from 100°C (very low) to 260°C (very hot). Most baking happens between 150°C and 220°C. The Celsius scale is part of the metric system and is scientifically logical.
Fahrenheit (°F): Used primarily in the United States, Bahamas, Belize, and the Cayman Islands. Water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F. Typical oven temperatures range from 200°F to 500°F. Most American baking recipes call for 325°F to 450°F.
Gas Mark: A temperature scale used on gas ovens in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and some Commonwealth countries. The scale runs from ¼ (very cool, ~107°C) to 9 (very hot, ~240°C). Gas Mark was introduced in 1943 and remains common in British recipe books and on older gas ovens.
| °C | °F | Gas Mark | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 110 | 225 | ¼ | Very cool |
| 120 | 250 | ½ | Very cool |
| 140 | 275 | 1 | Cool |
| 150 | 300 | 2 | Cool/Slow |
| 160 | 325 | 3 | Moderate |
| 180 | 350 | 4 | Moderate |
| 190 | 375 | 5 | Moderately hot |
| 200 | 400 | 6 | Moderately hot |
| 220 | 425 | 7 | Hot |
| 230 | 450 | 8 | Hot |
| 240 | 475 | 9 | Very hot |
Fan ovens (also called convection ovens) have a built-in fan that circulates hot air throughout the oven cavity. This results in more even cooking and faster heat transfer, meaning food cooks quicker and at lower temperatures. The general rule is to reduce the temperature by 20°C (approximately 25°F) when using a fan oven compared to a conventional setting.
For example, if a recipe specifies 200°C in a conventional oven, set your fan oven to 180°C. Some modern ovens have both conventional and fan modes — always check which type the recipe was written for. Fan ovens are particularly beneficial for baking multiple trays simultaneously, as the air circulation eliminates hot spots.
Meringues & Dehydrating: 100–120°C / 200–250°F / Gas Mark ¼–½. Very low and slow to dry without browning.
Slow Roasting & Casseroles: 140–160°C / 275–325°F / Gas Mark 1–3. Gentle cooking for tenderizing tough cuts of meat.
Cakes & Biscuits: 160–180°C / 325–350°F / Gas Mark 3–4. The sweet spot for most baked goods — hot enough to rise and set without burning.
Roasting Vegetables & Chicken: 190–220°C / 375–425°F / Gas Mark 5–7. High enough to caramelize and crisp.
Pizza & Bread: 220–250°C / 425–480°F / Gas Mark 7–9. Very hot for rapid crust formation and oven spring.
Celsius to Fahrenheit: °F = (°C × 9/5) + 32. Example: 180°C = (180 × 1.8) + 32 = 356°F ≈ 350°F (rounded for oven use).
Fahrenheit to Celsius: °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9. Example: 425°F = (425 − 32) × 0.556 = 218°C ≈ 220°C.
Gas Mark to Celsius (approximate): °C = (Gas Mark × 14) + 121. Or use the standard conversion table above for exact values, as the relationship isn't perfectly linear.
Most home ovens are inaccurate by 10–25°C from the dial setting. Invest in an oven thermometer to know your oven's actual temperature. Preheat for at least 15–20 minutes before baking. Avoid opening the oven door frequently, as each opening drops temperature by 10–15°C. Position racks in the center unless the recipe specifies otherwise. If your oven has hot spots (most do), rotate baking trays halfway through cooking.
Use the approximate formula °C = (Gas Mark × 14) + 121, or refer to the standard chart. Common values: Gas Mark 3 = 160°C, Gas Mark 4 = 180°C, Gas Mark 5 = 190°C, Gas Mark 6 = 200°C, Gas Mark 7 = 220°C.
350°F equals approximately 177°C, typically rounded to 180°C for oven use. This is one of the most common baking temperatures in American recipes, equivalent to Gas Mark 4 — used for cakes, cookies, and casseroles.
Reduce by 20°C (or about 25°F) when converting from conventional to fan/convection oven. A recipe calling for 200°C conventional should be set to 180°C fan. Some recipes may also need slightly less cooking time.
Most cakes bake at Gas Mark 4 (180°C/350°F) or Gas Mark 3 (160°C/325°F) for richer, denser cakes like fruit cake. Sponge cakes typically need Gas Mark 4, while cheesecakes may use Gas Mark 2 (150°C).
Oven thermostats lose calibration over time, and manufacturing tolerances allow ±10-25°C variation. Use an oven thermometer to verify. If consistently off, some ovens have calibration adjustments; otherwise, compensate manually.
Old recipe terminology: Very slow = 120°C/250°F, Slow = 150°C/300°F, Moderate = 180°C/350°F, Moderately hot = 190-200°C/375-400°F, Hot = 220°C/425°F, Very hot = 240°C+/475°F+.
Yes, approximately. Fan ovens circulate heat more efficiently, so 180°C fan produces similar cooking results to 200°C conventional. Always reduce by about 20°C when switching from conventional to fan.
Homemade pizza cooks best at the highest temperature your oven can reach — typically 240-260°C (475-500°F) / Gas Mark 9. Professional pizza ovens reach 400-500°C. Preheat thoroughly with a pizza stone for best results.
Guide
Oven Temperature Converter helps you convert one value, unit, format, or representation into another without installing extra software. It is designed for students, creators, developers, and everyday users who need a quick, browser-based result with clear input and output.
Oven Temperature Converter helps you convert one value, unit, format, or representation into another without installing extra software. It is designed for students, creators, developers, and everyday users who need a quick, browser-based result with clear input and output.
Using Oven Temperature Converter is simple: (1) Open the tool page, (2) Enter your values, text, or upload your file as prompted, (3) Click the action button or see instant results, (4) Copy, download, or use the output. No technical knowledge required.
Yes — 100% free with no hidden charges. Oven Temperature Converter is part of WoHoTech's free tools suite. Use it unlimited times without creating an account or providing payment information.
Oven Temperature Converter uses internationally recognized conversion factors and standards. Results are precise to multiple decimal places, making it reliable for academic work, engineering, and everyday conversions.
Absolutely. Oven Temperature Converter is optimized for all screen sizes. Whether you're on an iPhone, Android, tablet, or desktop computer, you get instant conversions without downloading any app.
Oven Temperature Converter runs entirely in your browser using client-side JavaScript. Once the page loads, conversions happen instantly without requiring an internet connection for the actual calculations.